我的 macOS 配置

macos-setup

这篇文章记录下，一个新的 macOS 需要做的配置，和安装的软件。

键盘布局

使用 Colemak 键盘布局，它比传统 QWERTY 更高效、合理。

在 System Settings - Keyboard - Input Sources - Edit… 中添加 Colemak 以替换 ABC，重新登入系统布局生效。

系统设置

# Auto hide the menubar
defaults write -g _HIHideMenuBar -bool true

# Enable full keyboard access for all controls
defaults write -g AppleKeyboardUIMode -int 3

# Enable press-and-hold repeating
defaults write -g ApplePressAndHoldEnabled -bool false
defaults write -g InitialKeyRepeat -int 10
defaults write -g KeyRepeat -int 1

# Disable "Natural" scrolling
defaults write -g com.apple.swipescrolldirection -bool false

# Disable smart dash/period/quote substitutions
defaults write -g NSAutomaticDashSubstitutionEnabled -bool false
defaults write -g NSAutomaticPeriodSubstitutionEnabled -bool false
defaults write -g NSAutomaticQuoteSubstitutionEnabled -bool false

# Disable automatic capitalization
defaults write -g NSAutomaticCapitalizationEnabled -bool false

# Using expanded "save panel" by default
defaults write -g NSNavPanelExpandedStateForSaveMode -bool true
defaults write -g NSNavPanelExpandedStateForSaveMode2 -bool true

# Increase window resize speed for Cocoa applications
defaults write -g NSWindowResizeTime -float 0.001

# Save to disk (not to iCloud) by default
defaults write -g NSDocumentSaveNewDocumentsToCloud -bool true

# --- Set the system accent color
defaults write -g AppleAccentColor -int 6

# Jump to the spot that's clicked on the scroll bar
defaults write -g AppleScrollerPagingBehavior -bool true

# Prefer tabs when opening documents
defaults write -g AppleWindowTabbingMode -string always

Dock：

# Set icon size and dock orientation
defaults write com.apple.dock tilesize -int 48
defaults write com.apple.dock orientation -string left

# Set dock to auto-hide, and transparentize icons of hidden apps (⌘H)
defaults write com.apple.dock autohide -bool true
defaults write com.apple.dock showhidden -bool true

# Disable to show recents, and light-dot of running apps
defaults write com.apple.dock show-recents -bool false
defaults write com.apple.dock show-process-indicators -bool false

# --- Unpin all apps
defaults write com.apple.dock persistent-apps -array ""

Finder：

# Allow quitting via ⌘Q
defaults write com.apple.finder QuitMenuItem -bool true

# Disable warning when changing a file extension
defaults write com.apple.finder FXEnableExtensionChangeWarning -bool false

# Show all files and their extensions
defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllExtensions -bool true
defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles -bool true

# Show path bar, and layout as multi-column
defaults write com.apple.finder ShowPathbar -bool true
defaults write com.apple.finder FXPreferredViewStyle -string clmv

# Search in current folder by default
defaults write com.apple.finder FXDefaultSearchScope -string SCcf

# --- Keep the desktop clean
defaults write com.apple.finder ShowHardDrivesOnDesktop -bool false
defaults write com.apple.finder ShowRemovableMediaOnDesktop -bool false
defaults write com.apple.finder ShowExternalHardDrivesOnDesktop -bool false
defaults write com.apple.finder ShowMountedServersOnDesktop -bool false

# Show directories first
defaults write com.apple.finder _FXSortFoldersFirst -bool true

# New window use the $HOME path
defaults write com.apple.finder NewWindowTarget -string PfHm
defaults write com.apple.finder NewWindowTargetPath -string "file://$HOME/"

# Allow text selection in Quick Look
defaults write com.apple.finder QLEnableTextSelection -bool true

# Show metadata info, but not preview in info panel
defaults write com.apple.finder FXInfoPanesExpanded -dict MetaData -bool true Preview -bool false

Trackpad：

# Enable trackpad tap to click
defaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad Clicking -bool true
defaults write com.apple.driver.AppleBluetoothMultitouch.trackpad Clicking -bool true

# Enable 3-finger drag
defaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadThreeFingerDrag -bool true
defaults write com.apple.driver.AppleBluetoothMultitouch.trackpad TrackpadThreeFingerDrag -bool true

Activity Monitor：

# Sort by CPU usage
defaults write com.apple.ActivityMonitor SortColumn -string CPUUsage
defaults write com.apple.ActivityMonitor SortDirection -int 0

Launch Services：

# Disable quarantine for downloaded apps
defaults write com.apple.LaunchServices LSQuarantine -bool false

Safari：

# For better privacy
defaults write com.apple.Safari UniversalSearchEnabled -bool false
defaults write com.apple.Safari SuppressSearchSuggestions -bool true
defaults write com.apple.Safari SendDoNotTrackHTTPHeader -bool true

# Disable auto open downloads
defaults write com.apple.Safari AutoOpenSafeDownloads -bool false

# Enable Develop Menu, Web Inspector
defaults write com.apple.Safari IncludeDevelopMenu -bool true
defaults write com.apple.Safari IncludeInternalDebugMenu -bool true
defaults write com.apple.Safari WebKitDeveloperExtras -bool true
defaults write com.apple.Safari WebKitDeveloperExtrasEnabledPreferenceKey -bool true
defaults write com.apple.Safari "com.apple.Safari.ContentPageGroupIdentifier.WebKit2DeveloperExtrasEnabled" -bool true

Universal Access：

# Set the cursor size
defaults write com.apple.universalaccess mouseDriverCursorSize -float 1.5

Screen Capture：

# --- Set the filename which screencaptures should be written
defaults write com.apple.screencapture name -string screenshot
defaults write com.apple.screencapture include-date -bool false

Desktop Services：

# Avoid creating .DS_Store files on USB or network volumes
defaults write com.apple.desktopservices DSDontWriteUSBStores -bool true
defaults write com.apple.desktopservices DSDontWriteNetworkStores -bool true

Disk Images：

# Disable disk image verification
defaults write com.apple.frameworks.diskimages skip-verify -bool true
defaults write com.apple.frameworks.diskimages skip-verify-locked -bool true
defaults write com.apple.frameworks.diskimages skip-verify-remote -bool true

Crash Reporter：

# Disable crash reporter
defaults write com.apple.CrashReporter DialogType -string none

AdLib：

# Disable personalized advertising
defaults com.apple.AdLib forceLimitAdTracking -bool true
defaults com.apple.AdLib allowApplePersonalizedAdvertising -bool false
defaults com.apple.AdLib allowIdentifierForAdvertising -bool false

允许打开任何来源的应用：

sudo spctl --master-disable

上面执行完，注销重新登入即可生效。

电源管理

sudo pmset -a displaysleep 15
sudo pmset -a sleep 20
sudo pmset -a disksleep 30

# Disable wake by network
sudo pmset -a womp 0
# Disable wake when power source (AC/battery) change
sudo pmset -a acwake 0
# Disable wake by other devices using the same iCloud id
sudo pmset -a proximitywake 0

# Disable TCP keepalive on sleeping, this will cause "Find My Mac" to be unavailable
sudo pmset -a tcpkeepalive 0
# Disable auto update, auto backup when sleeping
sudo pmset -a powernap 0

# Enable "full light - half light - off" screen transition, when going to sleep
sudo pmset -a halfdim 1
# Auto switch GPU for apps on battery, use separate GPU on charger
sudo pmset -b gpuswitch 2
sudo pmset -c gpuswitch 1

# Auto hibernate after a period of time of sleeping
sudo pmset -a standby 1
# High power (> `highstandbythreshold`), 2 hours hibernate
sudo pmset -a standbydelayhigh 7200
# Low power (< `highstandbythreshold`), 1 hour hibernate
sudo pmset -a standbydelaylow 3600
# Sync memory data to disk, and stop powering the memory when hibernating
sudo pmset -a hibernatemode 3
# `highstandbythreshold` defaults to 50%

Xcode Command Line Tools

设置完后，第一件事是安装 Xcode Command Line Tools：

xcode-select --install

安装后，git、clang 啥的就能用了。以防万一，再记一个 reinstall 方法：

sudo rm -rf /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools
xcode-select --install

安装 Homebrew

系统所有 App 都使用 Homebrew 管理，安装它：

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"

对于上架 Mac App Store 的 App，通过 mas 优先从 Store 下载。用 brew 安装它：

brew install mas

这样所有 App 的自动检查更新都可以关掉，然后将下面 script 加到 crontab 里即可实现定时自动更新：

brew update
brew upgrade --greedy-auto-updates
brew cleanup --prune=all

mas upgrade

安装常用软件

Base

brew install cmake less gnu-sed wget

CLI

brew install exa bat zoxide fd fzf ripgrep dust tldr tig btop tree tmux starship hyperfine
brew install neovim

# Network
brew install nali aria2 dog httpie nmap telnet
# Archive
brew install unar sevenzip brotli upx rar
# Graphic
brew install ffmpeg graphviz exiftool ffmpegthumbnailer
# JSON
brew install jless jq jc
# Writing
brew install hugo
# macOS
brew install duti

Utility

brew install --cask adguard
brew install --cask alfred
brew install --cask 1password
brew install --cask bettermouse
brew install --cask maczip
brew install --cask downie
brew install --cask aerial

# Terminal
brew install --cask kitty

# Browser
brew tap homebrew/cask-versions
brew install --cask google-chrome
# brew install --cask google-chrome-canary
brew install --cask firefox
brew install --cask microsoft-edge

# Filesync
mas install 823766827  # OneDrive
brew install --cask transmit

GUI：

# Development
brew install --cask visual-studio-code
brew install --cask fork
brew install --cask postman
brew install --cask coderunner
brew install --cask dash
brew install --cask orbstack
brew install --cask imhex
brew install --cask wireshark
brew install --cask proxyman
brew install --cask another-redis-desktop-manager
mas install 1295203466  # Microsoft Remote Desktop
mas install 1296084683  # Cleaner for Xcode
## brew install --cask altair-graphql-client
## brew install --cask charles
## brew install --cask paw

# Database
brew install --cask datagrip
brew install --cask sequel-ace
## mas install 1594061654  # Navicat Premium 16

# Social
brew install --cask telegram
brew install --cask discord
brew install --cask element
mas install 836500024   # WeChat
## brew install --cask lark
## mas install 451108668   # QQ
## mas install 1435447041  # DingTalk

# Movie
brew install --cask mpv
brew install --cask iina
brew install --cask spotify

# Screen recording
brew install --cask shottr
brew install --cask kap
brew install --cask screenflow
brew install --cask obs

# Writing
brew install --cask notion
brew install --cask obsidian
brew install --cask raindropio
mas install 1529448980  # Reeder 5
## brew install --cask calibre

# Disign
brew install --cask sip
brew install --cask omnigraffle
## mas install 824183456   # Affinity Photo

# Others
mas install 966085870	 # TickTick
mas install 1452523807  # Text Scanner
## brew install --cask parallels
## mas install 1453504509  # Dynamic Wallpaper Engine

PL

# Golang
brew install go

# Node.js
brew tap oven-sh/bun
brew install node pnpm bun

# Rust
curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh

# Python
brew install python

# Lua
brew install lua luarocks

# PHP
brew install php composer
composer g require psy/psysh

Fonts

brew tap homebrew/cask-fonts  # You only need to do this once!
brew install --cask font-sf-mono
brew install --cask font-fira-code
brew install --cask font-roboto-mono
brew install --cask font-dejavu-sans-mono
brew install --cask font-symbols-only-nerd-font
brew install --cask sf-symbols

配置 SSH

SSH Key 全部由 1Password 管理。修改 ~/.ssh/config 文件：

Host *
	IdentityAgent "~/Library/Group Containers/2BUA8C4S2C.com.1password/t/agent.sock"

Host github.com
  Hostname ssh.github.com
  Port 443
  User git

然后配置 Git 鉴权、签名，修改 ~/.gitconfig 文件：

[core]
	editor = nvim
	pager = less -FRX

[user]
	name = 33
	email = 33@gmail.com
	signingkey = ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3N...

[gpg]
	format = ssh

[gpg "ssh"]
	program = /Applications/1Password.app/Contents/MacOS/op-ssh-sign

[commit]
	gpgsign = true

[pull]
	rebase = true

[push]
	default = current
	autoSetupRemote = true

[rebase]
	autoStash = true

设置默认应用

duti -s com.microsoft.VSCode .txt all
duti -s com.microsoft.VSCode .ass all
duti -s io.mpv .mkv all
duti -s com.colliderli.iina .mp4 all

kitty

多年使用 iTerm2，短暂斡旋 Alacritty 后，亦然转向了 kitty – 它同时具备 iTerm2 的功能，Alacritty 的性能，希望这是我的最后一款终端模拟器。安装它：

将 配置文件 克隆到 ~/.config/kitty 即可完成配置，其中包含：

  • 使用 Catppuccin 配色

  • 使用 SF Mono, Regular, 16pt 字体，Symbols Nerd Font 符号字体

  • 使用 Colemak 的 ueni 四组按键作为上下左右：

    • Alt-u、Alt-e 快速上下滚动
    • Cmd-{ueni} 窗口间跳转，Cmd-Ctrl-{ueni} 上下左右分屏
    • Cmd-Alt-{ueni} 调换单个窗口位置，Cmd-Shift-{ueni} 调整单个窗口大小

  • Cmd-/、Cmd-Shift-/ 快速滚动到上、下一条命令的位置，Cmd-Alt-/ 只显示最后一条命令输出

  • Cmd-Enter 创建新 Tab，Cmd-[、Cmd-] 前后切换 Tab，Cmd-Alt-[、Cmd-Alt-] 前后移动 Tab

  • Cmd-w 关闭单个窗口，Cmd-Shift-w 关闭所有窗口（单个 Tab）

  • Cmd-r 清屏，Cmd-f 搜索，Cmd-Shift-f 最大化终端（非全屏）

  • Cmd-o 打开链接、Cmd-q、Cmd-l、Cmd-p 快速选择单字、行、路径

  • Neovim 集成：上面窗口管理相关操作同样适用 Neovim，无缝衔接

  • ……

Z shell

多年使用 Fish shell 后，换到了 Zsh w/o Oh My Zsh。Fish 的开箱即用是卖点；可定制性差、Bash incompatible 是槽点。

使用以下命令安装，并设置为默认 Shell：

brew install zsh
echo /opt/homebrew/bin/zsh | sudo tee -a /etc/shells
chsh -s /opt/homebrew/bin/zsh

# For Intel
# echo /usr/local/bin/zsh | sudo tee -a /etc/shells
# chsh -s /usr/local/bin/zsh

之后将 配置文件 克隆到 ~/.config/zsh 即可配置完成。其中包含：

  • 24 条常用 alias
  • Fish-like 语法高亮、自动提示、自动补全、子命令匹配，与 Fish 体验别无二致
  • 统一 ueni 为各模式上下左右相关导航键，如候选菜单导航，Vi mode 光标移动，Ctrl-{ni} 行首、尾移动
  • Esc 进入 Vi mode
  • ……

Squirrel

输入法使用开源的 Squirrel，安装它：

brew install --cask squirrel

安装后在 System Settings 删除所有 Input Sources，只保留 Colemak 与 Squirrel 两个。然后克隆 rime-config：

rm -rf ~/Library/Rime
git clone git@github.com:sxyazi/rime-config.git ~/Library/Rime

切换到 Squirrel，按 Ctrl-Option-` 重新部署。最后下载 sxyazi/a11y 按键辅助工具，该工具包含以下功能：

  • 自动切输入法：切换 App 时，自动将输入法切到 Squirrel。也就是对所有 App 都使用 Squirrel，至于不同 App 的默认中/英模式，在 Squirrel 配置中指定
  • 充分利用 R-Command：将其映射为 F19，目前将 Alfred 的呼出 hotkey 设置为 F19，Alfred Universal Actions 设置为 F19-L
  • 特定于应用的快捷键：如在 Finder 中按下 Option-T、Option-C，分别对应在当前目录打开 kitty、VSCode

Alfred

Universal Actions 是 Alfred 最强大的功能，也是主要卖点。将 sxyazi/alfred-workflows 导入，其中包括：

  • 常用汇率转换（Google Finance 实时数据）
  • UUID 生成
  • 时间日期转换
  • 常见编解码
  • MD5、SHA1、SHA256 计算
  • 图片压缩（TODO）

ranger

ranger 最后一个版本 v1.9.3 还在 2019 年，已经相当旧了。许多 bug 只在 master 被修复，因此需要从 Git 安装它。

由于 ranger 是个 Python 项目，这里使用 pipx 安装并管理它。先安装 pipx：

brew install pipx

然后安装 ranger：

pipx install git+https://github.com/ranger/ranger.git
pipx inject ranger-fm Pillow

以后可以运行 upgrade、upgrade-all 更新单个或多个应用：

pipx upgrade-all

Logitech Unifying

鼠标 Bluetooth 会受 2.4Ghz Wi-Fi 影响，使用 Logitech 的 Unifying Receiver 会好很多。

它的配对软件没有 Homebrew formula，最后更新还在 2018，手动下载安装它：https://support.logi.com/hc/en-us/articles/360025297913

BetterMouse

用腻了 Magic Mouse，但又想要流畅的鼠标体验，使用 BetterMouse。安装后调整以下参数：

  • Scroll tab
    • Duration: 10
    • Brake point: 3
    • Speed: 5
    • Acceleration: 8
    • Hori speed: 10
  • Cursor tab
    • DPI: 1200

其它

其它 mpv ranger yabai 等配置后面整理到 https://github.com/sxyazi/dotfiles