我的 macOS 配置

12-08 macos-setup

这篇文章记录下，一个新的 macOS 需要做的配置，和安装的软件。

键盘布局

使用 Colemak 键盘布局，它比传统 QWERTY 更高效、合理。

在 System Settings - Keyboard - Input Sources - Edit… 中添加 Colemak 以替换 ABC，重新登入系统布局生效。

系统设置

# Auto hide the menubar
defaults write -g _HIHideMenuBar -bool true

# Enable full keyboard access for all controls
defaults write -g AppleKeyboardUIMode -int 3

# Enable press-and-hold repeating
defaults write -g ApplePressAndHoldEnabled -bool false
defaults write -g InitialKeyRepeat -int 10
defaults write -g KeyRepeat -int 1

# Disable "Natural" scrolling
defaults write -g com.apple.swipescrolldirection -bool false

# Disable smart dash/period/quote substitutions
defaults write -g NSAutomaticDashSubstitutionEnabled -bool false
defaults write -g NSAutomaticPeriodSubstitutionEnabled -bool false
defaults write -g NSAutomaticQuoteSubstitutionEnabled -bool false

# Disable automatic capitalization
defaults write -g NSAutomaticCapitalizationEnabled -bool false

# Using expanded "save panel" by default
defaults write -g NSNavPanelExpandedStateForSaveMode -bool true
defaults write -g NSNavPanelExpandedStateForSaveMode2 -bool true

# Increase window resize speed for Cocoa applications
defaults write -g NSWindowResizeTime -float 0.001

# Save to disk (not to iCloud) by default
defaults write -g NSDocumentSaveNewDocumentsToCloud -bool true

# --- Set the system accent color
defaults write -g AppleAccentColor -int 6

# Jump to the spot that's clicked on the scroll bar
defaults write -g AppleScrollerPagingBehavior -bool true

# Prefer tabs when opening documents
defaults write -g AppleWindowTabbingMode -string always

Dock：

# Set icon size and dock orientation
defaults write com.apple.dock tilesize -int 48
defaults write com.apple.dock orientation -string left

# Set dock to auto-hide, and transparentize icons of hidden apps (⌘H)
defaults write com.apple.dock autohide -bool true
defaults write com.apple.dock showhidden -bool true

# Disable to show recents, and light-dot of running apps
defaults write com.apple.dock show-recents -bool false
defaults write com.apple.dock show-process-indicators -bool false

# --- Unpin all apps
defaults write com.apple.dock persistent-apps -array ""

Finder：

# Allow quitting via ⌘Q
defaults write com.apple.finder QuitMenuItem -bool true

# Disable warning when changing a file extension
defaults write com.apple.finder FXEnableExtensionChangeWarning -bool false

# Show all files and their extensions
defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllExtensions -bool true
defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles -bool true

# Show path bar, and layout as multi-column
defaults write com.apple.finder ShowPathbar -bool true
defaults write com.apple.finder FXPreferredViewStyle -string clmv

# Search in current folder by default
defaults write com.apple.finder FXDefaultSearchScope -string SCcf

# --- Keep the desktop clean
defaults write com.apple.finder ShowHardDrivesOnDesktop -bool false
defaults write com.apple.finder ShowRemovableMediaOnDesktop -bool false
defaults write com.apple.finder ShowExternalHardDrivesOnDesktop -bool false
defaults write com.apple.finder ShowMountedServersOnDesktop -bool false

# Show directories first
defaults write com.apple.finder _FXSortFoldersFirst -bool true

# New window use the $HOME path
defaults write com.apple.finder NewWindowTarget -string PfHm
defaults write com.apple.finder NewWindowTargetPath -string "file://$HOME/"

# Allow text selection in Quick Look
defaults write com.apple.finder QLEnableTextSelection -bool true

# Show metadata info, but not preview in info panel
defaults write com.apple.finder FXInfoPanesExpanded -dict MetaData -bool true Preview -bool false

Trackpad：

# Enable trackpad tap to click
defaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad Clicking -bool true
defaults write com.apple.driver.AppleBluetoothMultitouch.trackpad Clicking -bool true

# Enable 3-finger drag
defaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadThreeFingerDrag -bool true
defaults write com.apple.driver.AppleBluetoothMultitouch.trackpad TrackpadThreeFingerDrag -bool true

Activity Monitor：

# Sort by CPU usage
defaults write com.apple.ActivityMonitor SortColumn -string CPUUsage
defaults write com.apple.ActivityMonitor SortDirection -int 0

Launch Services：

# Disable quarantine for downloaded apps
defaults write com.apple.LaunchServices LSQuarantine -bool false

Safari：

# For better privacy
defaults write com.apple.Safari UniversalSearchEnabled -bool false
defaults write com.apple.Safari SuppressSearchSuggestions -bool true
defaults write com.apple.Safari SendDoNotTrackHTTPHeader -bool true

# Disable auto open downloads
defaults write com.apple.Safari AutoOpenSafeDownloads -bool false

# Enable Develop Menu, Web Inspector
defaults write com.apple.Safari IncludeDevelopMenu -bool true
defaults write com.apple.Safari IncludeInternalDebugMenu -bool true
defaults write com.apple.Safari WebKitDeveloperExtras -bool true
defaults write com.apple.Safari WebKitDeveloperExtrasEnabledPreferenceKey -bool true
defaults write com.apple.Safari "com.apple.Safari.ContentPageGroupIdentifier.WebKit2DeveloperExtrasEnabled" -bool true

Universal Access：

# Set the cursor size
defaults write com.apple.universalaccess mouseDriverCursorSize -float 1.5

Screen Capture：

# --- Set the filename which screencaptures should be written
defaults write com.apple.screencapture name -string screenshot
defaults write com.apple.screencapture include-date -bool false

Desktop Services：

# Avoid creating .DS_Store files on USB or network volumes
defaults write com.apple.desktopservices DSDontWriteUSBStores -bool true
defaults write com.apple.desktopservices DSDontWriteNetworkStores -bool true

Disk Images：

# Disable disk image verification
defaults write com.apple.frameworks.diskimages skip-verify -bool true
defaults write com.apple.frameworks.diskimages skip-verify-locked -bool true
defaults write com.apple.frameworks.diskimages skip-verify-remote -bool true

Crash Reporter：

# Disable crash reporter
defaults write com.apple.CrashReporter DialogType -string none

AdLib：

# Disable personalized advertising
defaults com.apple.AdLib forceLimitAdTracking -bool true
defaults com.apple.AdLib allowApplePersonalizedAdvertising -bool false
defaults com.apple.AdLib allowIdentifierForAdvertising -bool false

允许打开任何来源的应用：

sudo spctl --master-disable

上面执行完，注销重新登入即可生效。

电源管理

sudo pmset -a displaysleep 15
sudo pmset -a sleep 20
sudo pmset -a disksleep 30

# Disable wake by network
sudo pmset -a womp 0
# Disable wake when power source (AC/battery) change
sudo pmset -a acwake 0
# Disable wake by other devices using the same iCloud id
sudo pmset -a proximitywake 0

# Disable TCP keepalive on sleeping, this will cause "Find My Mac" to be unavailable
sudo pmset -a tcpkeepalive 0
# Disable auto update, auto backup when sleeping
sudo pmset -a powernap 0

# Enable "full light - half light - off" screen transition, when going to sleep
sudo pmset -a halfdim 1
# Auto switch GPU for apps on battery, use separate GPU on charger
sudo pmset -b gpuswitch 2
sudo pmset -c gpuswitch 1

# Auto hibernate after a period of time of sleeping
sudo pmset -a standby 1
# High power (> `highstandbythreshold`), 2 hours hibernate
sudo pmset -a standbydelayhigh 7200
# Low power (< `highstandbythreshold`), 1 hour hibernate
sudo pmset -a standbydelaylow 3600
# Sync memory data to disk, and stop powering the memory when hibernating
sudo pmset -a hibernatemode 3
# `highstandbythreshold` defaults to 50%

Xcode Command Line Tools

设置完后，第一件事是安装 Xcode Command Line Tools：

xcode-select --install

安装后，git、clang 啥的就能用了。以防万一，再记一个 reinstall 方法：

sudo rm -rf /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools
xcode-select --install

安装 Homebrew

系统所有 App 都使用 Homebrew 管理，安装它：

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"

对于上架 Mac App Store 的 App，通过 mas 优先从 Store 下载。用 brew 安装它：

brew install mas

这样所有 App 的自动检查更新都可以关掉，然后将下面 script 加到 crontab 里即可实现定时自动更新：

brew update
brew upgrade --greedy-auto-updates
brew cleanup --prune=all

mas upgrade

安装常用软件

Base

brew install cmake less gnu-sed wget

CLI

brew install exa bat zoxide fd fzf ripgrep dust tldr tig btop tree tmux starship hyperfine
brew install neovim

# Network
brew install nali aria2 dog httpie nmap telnet
# Archive
brew install unar sevenzip brotli upx rar
# Graphic
brew install ffmpeg graphviz exiftool ffmpegthumbnailer
# JSON
brew install jless jq jc
# Writing
brew install hugo
# macOS
brew install duti

Utility

brew install --cask adguard
brew install --cask alfred
brew install --cask 1password
brew install --cask bettermouse
brew install --cask maczip
brew install --cask downie
brew install --cask aerial

# Terminal
brew install --cask kitty

# Browser
brew tap homebrew/cask-versions
brew install --cask google-chrome
# brew install --cask google-chrome-canary
brew install --cask firefox
brew install --cask microsoft-edge

# Filesync
mas install 823766827  # OneDrive
brew install --cask transmit

GUI：

# Development
brew install --cask visual-studio-code
brew install --cask fork
brew install --cask postman
brew install --cask coderunner
brew install --cask dash
brew install --cask orbstack
brew install --cask imhex
brew install --cask wireshark
brew install --cask proxyman
brew install --cask another-redis-desktop-manager
mas install 1295203466  # Microsoft Remote Desktop
mas install 1296084683  # Cleaner for Xcode
## brew install --cask altair-graphql-client
## brew install --cask charles
## brew install --cask paw

# Database
brew install --cask datagrip
brew install --cask sequel-ace
## mas install 1594061654  # Navicat Premium 16

# Social
brew install --cask telegram
brew install --cask discord
brew install --cask element
mas install 836500024   # WeChat
## brew install --cask lark
## mas install 451108668   # QQ
## mas install 1435447041  # DingTalk

# Movie
brew install --cask mpv
brew install --cask iina
brew install --cask spotify

# Screen recording
brew install --cask shottr
brew install --cask kap
brew install --cask screenflow
brew install --cask obs

# Writing
brew install --cask notion
brew install --cask obsidian
brew install --cask raindropio
mas install 1529448980  # Reeder 5
## brew install --cask calibre

# Disign
brew install --cask sip
brew install --cask omnigraffle
## mas install 824183456   # Affinity Photo

# Others
mas install 966085870	 # TickTick
mas install 1452523807  # Text Scanner
## brew install --cask parallels
## mas install 1453504509  # Dynamic Wallpaper Engine

# Golang
brew install go

# Node.js
brew tap oven-sh/bun
brew install node pnpm bun

# Rust
curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh

# Python
brew install python

# Lua
brew install lua luarocks

# PHP
brew install php composer
composer g require psy/psysh

Fonts

brew tap homebrew/cask-fonts  # You only need to do this once!
brew install --cask font-sf-mono
brew install --cask font-fira-code
brew install --cask font-roboto-mono
brew install --cask font-dejavu-sans-mono
brew install --cask font-symbols-only-nerd-font
brew install --cask sf-symbols

配置 SSH

SSH Key 全部由 1Password 管理。修改 ~/.ssh/config 文件：

Host *
	IdentityAgent "~/Library/Group Containers/2BUA8C4S2C.com.1password/t/agent.sock"

Host github.com
  Hostname ssh.github.com
  Port 443
  User git

然后配置 Git 鉴权、签名，修改 ~/.gitconfig 文件：

[core]
  editor = nvim

[user]
	name = 33
	email = 33@gmail.com
	signingkey = ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3N...

[gpg]
	format = ssh

[gpg "ssh"]
	program = /Applications/1Password.app/Contents/MacOS/op-ssh-sign

[commit]
	gpgsign = true

[push]
	default = current
	autoSetupRemote = true

设置默认应用

duti -s com.microsoft.VSCode .txt all
duti -s com.microsoft.VSCode .ass all
duti -s io.mpv .mkv all
duti -s com.colliderli.iina .mp4 all

Kitty

多年使用 iTerm2，短暂斡旋 Alacritty 后，亦然转向了 Kitty – 它同时具备 Alacritty 的性能、iTerm2 的功能，希望这是我的最后一款终端模拟器。安装它：

将配置文件克隆到 ~/.config/kitty 即可完成配置，其中包含：

使用 Catppuccin（😸 猫布奇）配色
使用 SF Mono, Regular, 16pt 字体，Symbols Nerd Font 符号字体
使用 Colemak 的 ueni 四组按键作为上下左右：
- Alt-u、Alt-e 快速上下滚动
- Cmd-{ueni} 窗口间跳转，Cmd-Ctrl-{ueni} 上下左右分屏
- Cmd-Alt-{ueni} 调换单个窗口位置，Cmd-Shift-{ueni} 调整单个窗口大小
Cmd-/、Cmd-Shift-/ 快速滚动到上、下一条命令的位置，Cmd-Alt-/ 只显示最后一条命令输出
Cmd-Enter 创建新 Tab，Cmd-[、Cmd-] 前后切换 Tab，Cmd-Alt-[、Cmd-Alt-] 前后移动 Tab
Cmd-w 关闭单个窗口，Cmd-Shift-w 关闭所有窗口（单个 Tab）
Cmd-r 清屏，Cmd-f 搜索，Cmd-Shift-f 最大化终端（非全屏）
Cmd-o 打开链接、Cmd-q、Cmd-l、Cmd-p 快速选择单字、行、路径
Neovim 集成：上面窗口管理相关操作同样适用 Neovim，无缝衔接
……

Z shell

多年使用 Fish shell 后，换到了 Zsh without Oh My Zsh。Fish 的开箱即用是卖点；可定制性差、Bash incompatible 是槽点。

使用以下命令安装，并设置为默认 Shell：

brew install zsh
echo /opt/homebrew/bin/zsh | sudo tee -a /etc/shells
chsh -s /opt/homebrew/bin/zsh

# For Intel
# echo /usr/local/bin/zsh | sudo tee -a /etc/shells
# chsh -s /usr/local/bin/zsh

之后将配置文件克隆到 ~/.config/zsh 即可配置完成。其中包含：

24 条常用 alias
Fish-like 语法高亮、自动提示、自动补全、子命令匹配，与 Fish 体验别无二致
统一 ueni 为各模式上下左右相关导航键，如候选菜单导航，Vi mode 光标移动，Ctrl-{ni} 行首、尾移动
Esc 进入 Vi mode
……

Squirrel

输入法使用开源的 Squirrel，安装它：

brew install --cask squirrel

安装后在 System Settings 删除所有 Input Sources，只保留 Colemak 与 Squirrel 两个。然后克隆 rime-config：

rm -rf ~/Library/Rime
git clone git@github.com:sxyazi/rime-config.git ~/Library/Rime

切换到 Squirrel，按 Ctrl-Option-` 重新部署。最后下载 sxyazi/a11y 按键辅助工具，该工具包含以下功能：

自动切输入法：切换 App 时，自动将输入法切到 Squirrel。也就是对所有 App 都使用 Squirrel，至于不同 App 的默认中/英模式，在 Squirrel 配置中指定
充分利用 R-Command：将其映射为 F19，目前将 Alfred 的呼出 hotkey 设置为 F19，Alfred Universal Actions 设置为 F19-L
特定于应用的快捷键：如在 Finder 中按下 Option-T、Option-C，分别对应在当前目录打开 Kitty、VSCode

Alfred

Universal Actions 是 Alfred 最强大的功能，也是主要卖点。将 sxyazi/alfred-workflows 导入，其中包括：

常用汇率转换（Google Finance 实时数据）
UUID 生成
时间日期转换
常见编解码
MD5、SHA1、SHA256 计算
图片压缩（TODO）

ranger

ranger 最后一个版本 v1.9.3 还在 2019 年，已经相当旧了。许多 bug 只在 master 被修复，因此需要从 Git 安装它。

由于 ranger 是个 Python 项目，这里使用 pipx 安装并管理它。先安装 pipx：

brew install pipx

然后安装 ranger：

pipx install git+https://github.com/ranger/ranger.git
pipx inject ranger-fm Pillow

以后可以运行 upgrade、upgrade-all 更新单个或多个应用：

pipx upgrade-all

Logitech Unifying

鼠标 Bluetooth 会受 2.4Ghz Wi-Fi 影响，使用 Logitech 的 Unifying Receiver 会好很多。

它的配对软件没有 Homebrew formula，最后更新还在 2018，手动下载安装它：https://support.logi.com/hc/en-us/articles/360025297913

BetterMouse

用腻了 Magic Mouse，但又想要流畅的鼠标体验，使用 BetterMouse。安装后调整以下参数：

Scroll tab
- Duration: 10
- Brake point: 3
- Speed: 5
- Acceleration: 8
- Hori speed: 10
Cursor tab
- DPI: 1200

其它

其它 mpv ranger yabai 等配置后面整理到 https://github.com/sxyazi/dotfiles

macOS